Ashwagandha, Macuna Pruriens, Vitamin E and Zinc will also help lower prolactin. Micro doses of Pramipexole will help as well. A little goes a long way. 25-50”mcg” and sides should be minimal if used short term. Unlike Cabergoline, Pramipexole will actually increase igf levels opposed to lowering them.
Yeah thanks, i am also taking zinc and 50mg of 10:1 macuna puriens. It also increased my orgasm sensations quite notably.
What about Tyrosine? That's a precursor amino acid for L-Dopa.
Also whats with dark chocolate ..I thought that was for Theobromine - the feel good neurotransmitter ..does it also stim dopamine ?
I was more relating to the effect of caffeine on dopamine but... Theobromine [1] is found together with caffeine and phenethylamine in chocolate. It has a similar but lesser stimulant effect than caffeine. Pharmacologically it acts as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist.
Although there is no direct effect on dopamine receptors, there are probably three indirect effects.
Firstly, antagonism of all adenosine receptors means that their sleep promoting effects are blocked leading to general arousal, and antagonism specifically of the A2a adenosine receptor stops its suppression of dopamine release in the CNS, so increasing dopaminergic activity.
Secondly, phosphodiesterase inhibitors allow the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to have a longer duration of action when its release inside a neuron is triggered by certain neurotransmitters. For dopamine this means the D1 and D5 dopamine receptor subtypes [2] will have an amplified effect when activated. There will also be effects on other receptors that normally increase cAMP levels, e.g. noradrenaline acting on adrenergic β1, β2 and β3 receptors [3] and serotonin acting on 5-HT4, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors. [4] This effect is probably less important than adenosine receptor antagonism because theobromine is more soluble in water than fat, [5] so is more likely to interact with cell surface receptors than pass across the lipid membrane into neurons (and other cells) to affect phosphodiesterase.
The third way theobromine will affect dopamine is a rather indiscriminate effect via adenosine-dopamine receptor heteromers, which in this case are complexes of receptors that have opposing effects (see my answer to Do receptors at the synapses of a neuron follow certain patterns? E.g. do certain types of receptors cluster together?). The following receptor heteromers have been identified:
Adenosine 1A receptor (A1AR) – dopamine D1 receptor (D1R)
A2AR – D2R
A2AR – D3R
A2AR – D4R
A2AR – cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) – D2R
A2AR – D2R – metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5)
Thus the effect of a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist like theobromine will be to increase the effect of dopamine at these receptors. D1 and D5 receptors are excitatory, while the D2 family of receptors (D2, D3 and D4) normally inhibits the generation of an action potential, so the net effect is hard to predict but will generally enhance the effect of dopamine.
Confused? In summary, I would guess the mood elevating and addictive properties of chocolate are partly due to these pharmacological effects, and of course partly due to the delicious taste.
[1] Theobromine
[2] Dopamine receptor
[3] Adrenergic receptor
[4] 5-HT receptor
[5] Theobromine solubility
These are "gateway to sin" drugs ..LOL
