Regarding Vitamin C, note that this is not hypothetical speculation such as what we do on this forum but these observations from doctors who are treating critical cases at the ICU.
Practicing doctors are highly familiar with inflammatory conditions and a number of known treatments have been adapted to COVID-19. The linked bulletin advocates early intervention–the key–using Vitamin C, heparin, Methylprednisolone and Hydroxychloroquine.
Dr. Paul Marik, Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the Eastern Virginia Medical School, published a Critical Care COVID Management Protocol along similar lines. As a preventive measure, Dr. Marik recommends a combination of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, zinc and melatonin. Dr. Malik notes that “[w]hile there is no high level evidence that this cocktail is effective; it is cheap, safe and widely available.” For what it is worth, I have been following this regimen for some time.
Another (retrospective) study saying that not only was no benefit noted for hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin but in fact it performed worse (in a non-statistically significant way) than taking none of these or only taking one of them.
The only thing that was a bit better than doing nothing (also not statistically significant) was azithromycin alone.
... has a fantastic report on the many benefits of NAC regarding oxidative stress, glutathione & clotting. One thing I remember about NAC is its use in hangover prevention. I recall NAC helped promote glutathione systhesis and Vitamin-C helps recycle spent/oxidized glutathione back to reduced form so it can function again.
The problem with mega-dosing Vitamin-C (when you can't get IV-C) is bowel tolerance, but just a bit of NAC should work synergistically with C to keep glutathione levels from being depleted.
I really like this, as I'm a bit spooked by mega-dosing anything, but the synergistic relationship with NAC, Vitamin-C & glutathione is a beautiful thing to behold.
Dr. Seheult is the GOD of COVID research in my humble opinion. If you haven't been keeping up with his work, please give him another look.
"In this study of adult patients admitted to hospital for severe COVID-19, remdesivir was not associated with statistically significant clinical benefits. However, the numerical reduction in time to clinical improvement in those treated earlier requires confirmation in larger studies."
COVID-19 is a new disease, and we do not have the luxury of good-quality evidence to guide diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment. In making current treatment decisions we must therefore rely on rapid evaluations of emerging results from a range of research efforts, in order to make the best clinical and policy decisions possible with the data available to us. However, undeclared outcome-switching, using isolated results without publishing the trial, and wishful thinking around modest results in surrogate outcomes does not help patients suffering and dying with COVID-19 today. It certainly will not help the patients who become infected later, when another epidemic of COVID-19 comes along.
The majority of male patients with COVID-19 present low testosterone levels on admission to Intensive Care in Hamburg, Germany: a retrospective cohort study.
Interpretation. We here show that critically ill male COVID-19 patients suffer from severe testosterone and dihydrotestosterone deficiencies. Both androgens are required to mount antiviral immune responses to combat infection in males.
The majority of male patients with COVID-19 present low testosterone levels on admission to Intensive Care in Hamburg, Germany: a retrospective cohort study.
Horowitz RI1,2, Freeman PR2, Bruzzese J3. PURPOSE: Infection with COVID-19 potentially can result in severe outcomes and death from "cytokine storm syndrome", resulting in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) with severe dyspnea, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), fulminant myocarditis and multiorgan dysfunction with or without disseminated intravascular coagulation. No published treatment to date has been shown to adequately control the inflammation and respiratory symptoms associated with COVID-19, apart from oxygen therapy and assisted ventilation. We evaluated the effects of using high dose oral and/or IV glutathione in the treatment of 2 patients with dyspnea secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Two patients living in New York City (NYC) with a history of Lyme and tick-borne co-infections experienced a cough and dyspnea and demonstrated radiological findings consistent with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). A trial of 2 g of PO or IV glutathione was used in both patients and improved their dyspnea within 1 h of use. Repeated use of both 2000 mg of PO and IV glutathione was effective in further relieving respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSION: Oral and IV glutathione, glutathione precursors (N-acetyl-cysteine) and alpha lipoic acid may represent a novel treatment approach for blocking NFKappaB and addressing "cytokine storm syndrome" and respiratory distress in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Horowitz had an idea. He suggested trying glutathione, an anti-oxidant produced by the liver that has been used to reduce inflammation in those suffering from the tick-borne illness.
When you get a viral infection with a huge amount of inflammation you don’t have enough glutathione to be able to protect your very sensitive lung tissue,” Horowitz said.
James did not hesitate to give his mom the nutritional supplement, which they had in the house for Julia. After one 2,000-milligram dose, the family witnessed a miracle.
“Within an hour my breathing got better. It was amazing. I sat up, I got up,” Josephine Bruzzese recalled. She even started to make her bed. “I went and I took a shower.
Long term effects of COVID-19 in recovered patients highlights the need for a strong initial immune response or prevention strategies like astragalus / quercetin / luteolin . Hopefully we get some real data on these soon.
"All recovered patients on their own should keep on going for regular health checks and also get their doctors to conduct various test on areas most vulnerable such as the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, kidneys etc and also to report any sudden abnormalities."
Horowitz RI1,2, Freeman PR2, Bruzzese J3. PURPOSE: Infection with COVID-19 potentially can result in severe outcomes and death from "cytokine storm syndrome", resulting in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) with severe dyspnea, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), fulminant myocarditis and multiorgan dysfunction with or without disseminated intravascular coagulation. No published treatment to date has been shown to adequately control the inflammation and respiratory symptoms associated with COVID-19, apart from oxygen therapy and assisted ventilation. We evaluated the effects of using high dose oral and/or IV glutathione in the treatment of 2 patients with dyspnea secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Two patients living in New York City (NYC) with a history of Lyme and tick-borne co-infections experienced a cough and dyspnea and demonstrated radiological findings consistent with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). A trial of 2 g of PO or IV glutathione was used in both patients and improved their dyspnea within 1 h of use. Repeated use of both 2000 mg of PO and IV glutathione was effective in further relieving respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSION: Oral and IV glutathione, glutathione precursors (N-acetyl-cysteine) and alpha lipoic acid may represent a novel treatment approach for blocking NFKappaB and addressing "cytokine storm syndrome" and respiratory distress in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
After nearly crashing, the HCQ+Z hype train is pick'n up steam again! All aboard!
Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin plus zinc vs hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin alone: outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients https://www.medrxiv....5.02.20080036v1
Background: COVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a pandemic infection that has caused significant mortality and economic losses. Potential therapies and means of prophylaxis against COVID-19 are urgently needed to combat this novel infection. As a result of in vitro evidence suggesting zinc sulfate may be efficacious against COVID-19, our hospitals began using zinc sulfate as add-on therapy to hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. We performed a retrospective observational study to compare hospital outcomes among patients who received hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin plus zinc versus hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin alone. Methods: Data was collected from electronic medical records for all patients being treated with admission dates ranging from March 2, 2020 through April 5, 2020. Initial clinical characteristics on presentation, medications given during the hospitalization, and hospital outcomes were recorded. Patients in the study were excluded if they were treated with other investigational medications. Results: The addition of zinc sulfate did not impact the length of hospitalization, duration of ventilation, or ICU duration. In univariate analyses, zinc sulfate increased the frequency of patients being discharged home, and decreased the need for ventilation, admission to the ICU, and mortality or transfer to hospice for patients who were never admitted to the ICU. After adjusting for the time at which zinc sulfate was added to our protocol, an increased frequency of being discharged home (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.12-2.09) reduction in mortality or transfer to hospice remained significant (OR 0.449, 95% CI 0.271-0.744). Conclusion: This study provides the first in vivo evidence that zinc sulfate in combination with hydroxychloroquine may play a role in therapeutic management for COVID-19.
Has this been posted before? Sounds too good to be true!
Homologous protein domainsin SARS-CoV-2 and measles, mumps and rubella viruses: preliminary evidence that MMR vaccine might provide protection against COVID-19
Median incidence values (or attack rate) by age group were 9.3% for children 0-17 years, 8.8% for adults 18-64 years, and 3.9% for adults 65 years and older [Tokarset al., 2018]. A simple answer to why COVID-19 is different could be that the elderly population do not have the physiological reserve or regeneration capacity to fight such a severe burden of disease. However, more intriguingly, the vaccination history of the individual patient might contribute to the severity of the disease. The triple vaccine containing attenuated measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) viruses was introduced in the early 1970s
...
Intriguingly, we identified homologous domains in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2), the COVID-19 causing virus,with rubella virus as well as the two paramyxoviruses. The homologous sequences in SARS-CoV-2 and rubella, aligned in PSI-BLAST[ Altschulet al., 1997]with an expected value of 10-78, encode Macro domains in SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 (NSP3),a papain-like protease, and in rubella virus p150,a protease/methyltransferase. Macro domains can bind ADP-ribose-1’’-phosphate, an NAD metabolite, and have ADP-ribose-1’’-phosphatase (ADRP) activity.
...
The Macro domains of SARS-CoV-2 and rubella virus share 29% amino acid sequence identity, suggesting they have the same protein fold. We generated an atomic model of the rubella virus Macro domain by threading the rubella sequence onto the SARS-CoV-2 Macro structure, guided by secondary structure predictions,with PHYRE2[Kelleyet al., 2015] (100% confidence score;Fig.1A). Residues conserved in the SARS-CoV-2 and rubella Macro domains include surface-exposed residues and residues required for ADP-ribose binding and ADRP enzymatic activity in other coronaviruses (Fig. 1). Notably, ADRP activity is required for a mouse coronavirus, MHV-A59 (mouse hepatitis virus A59), to cause acute hepatitis. Mutation of a single residue intheMHV-A59 Macro domain(N1348A) abrogates ADRP activity [Erikssonet al., 2008]. This residue is conserved in the Macro domains of SARS-CoV-2 and rubella. Together these observations suggest that ADRP activity couldbe important inCOVID-19 and rubella pathogenesis. The Macro domain is present in the attenuated rubella virus used in the MMR vaccine. Although it is within a cytoplasmic non-structural protein, it could contribute to vaccine antigenicity if it released upon celllysis,or displayed via MHC-I in vaccinated patients. Hence, we hypothesise that potentially immunogenic elements of the SARS-CoV-2 Macro domain that are conserved in rubella virus could serve as targets for B-or T-cell responses in patients who have had rubella or received a version of the vaccine.
Has this been posted before? Sounds too good to be true!
Homologous protein domainsin SARS-CoV-2 and measles, mumps and rubella viruses: preliminary evidence that MMR vaccine might provide protection against COVID-19
Does recency matter? If MMR vaccine prevents it, half of America would be immune
Well the MMR vaccine was only becoming available in the early 1970's which would make the oldest in their mid 40's and not everybody got it initially, which does predominately fit the incidence of the age risk curve.
Also, it has similarly been reported (in the media and prior posts here) that the BCG tuberculosis vaccine would also seem to provide protection against COVID-19. TB is also predominantly a disease of the lungs and upper respiratory. This is one of the suspected reasons southeast Asian countries may have a lower incidence as the BCG vaccine was never used in the US (as TB had already been eradicated) but was used extensively in southeast Asia due to the high infection rates of TB starting as far back as the 50's and 60's with some countries not adopting until the 70's.
Interestingly, both the MMR and BCG vaccines are live virus vaccines.
New study finds hydroxychloroquine does work for coronavirus, but only if you take it with zinc:
This is the same study that was posted a couple of days ago. It's only evidence for zinc, as both groups being evaluated received hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.
This is the same study that was posted a couple of days ago. It's only evidence for zinc, as both groups being evaluated received hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.
Don't know if zinc alone would be as effective as zinc + some ionophore. Either HCQ or quercetin (or both!). I can't help but find the 2005: Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread study compelling.
Inhibits S-2 spike cleavage, endosomal transport as well as viral replication in the endoplasmic reticulum; AND acts as a zinc ionophore. 4 different benefits. Jump to minute 13 of this video if you're short on time.
Bought me some "cinchona bark capsules" this week (amazon). 5% quinine / 50mg/cap (quinine an organic analog of chloroquine) . Will augment my gin & tonic prophylactic. More than one way to skin a cat.
This is the same study that was posted a couple of days ago. It's only evidence for zinc, as both groups being evaluated received hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.
No it's not evidence that zinc alone is effective for coronavirus. It is evidence that zinc plus hydroxychloroquine is effective.
Hydroxychloroquine acts as a zinc ionophore, which is a substance that promotes the transport of zinc ions into the cell, thereby increasing intracellular zinc levels. It is then the zinc inside the cell which has the antiviral effect.
I wasn't trying to imply that zinc alone is effective, but that is certainly a possibility.
What the study showed was that hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin+zinc > hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin. For all we know hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin could have had a net harmful effect on patients and zinc was alleviating that. The mortality rate in that group was 23% (among hospitalized patients) if I recall correctly, so the two drugs alone didn't seem to be helping anyways.
I wasn't trying to imply that zinc alone is effective, but that is certainly a possibility.
What the study showed was that hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin+zinc > hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin. For all we know hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin could have had a net harmful effect on patients and zinc was alleviating that. The mortality rate in that group was 23% (among hospitalized patients) if I recall correctly, so the two drugs alone didn't seem to be helping anyways.
Ah OK, I see your point.
One of the several hydroxychloroquine studies found patients on it did worse, but I think most studies just showed little difference between the hydroxychloroquine and the control group. Although there were issues with heart arrhythmia side effects in the hydroxychloroquine group.
... has a fantastic report on the many benefits of NAC regarding oxidative stress, glutathione & clotting. One thing I remember about NAC is its use in hangover prevention. I recall NAC helped promote glutathione systhesis and Vitamin-C helps recycle spent/oxidized glutathione back to reduced form so it can function again.
The problem with mega-dosing Vitamin-C (when you can't get IV-C) is bowel tolerance, but just a bit of NAC should work synergistically with C to keep glutathione levels from being depleted.
I really like this, as I'm a bit spooked by mega-dosing anything, but the synergistic relationship with NAC, Vitamin-C & glutathione is a beautiful thing to behold.
Dr. Seheult is the GOD of COVID research in my humble opinion. If you haven't been keeping up with his work, please give him another look.
I like the good Dr's very informative videos too, and have been somewhat coincidentally following his advice re supplements for COVID-19. His prescription seems to be the usual anti-inflammatory antioxidants:
vitamin C (high dose, partly from food)
vitamin D 2500 mg
zinc (50 mg, which is higher than 40 mg upper limit))
quercetin - as a zinc ionophore 500 mg 2x/day
NAC (to promote glutathione) 600 mg 2x/day
I take about the same, but 30 mg zinc orotate. Also take quercetin/bromelain 250/125 2x/day. And NAC 600 mg. All less than Dr Seheult recommends.
I take other things regularly anyway:
NAD precursor NR at 500 mg with a booster pill. Again there was were COV-19 case reports (for NMN).
R alpha lipoic acid 250 mg.
LEF's Epithelial Defense (including an SOD booster), 2x/day.
Astaxanthin 12 mg as an ai/ao effective in lungs.
I keep high-dose green tea/EGCG in reserve. It is anti-inflammatory and a zinc ionophore.
I also keep liposomal glutathione is reserve in case I think I'm at higher risk. I guess I'd double everything.
I guess you have two prongs: offense and defense.
- the zinc is supposed to interfere with viral replication. Quercetin helps transport zinc into cells.
- meanwhile the assorted anti-inflammatory anti-oxidants moderate the battle damage. Most of these are "synergistic."
If anyone has other ideas for a supplements for COVID-19, I'd be happy to look into it. I'm not any expert on this, but I think Dr Seheult may turn out to be right on the mark. This could be a disease that badly affects people with deficient anti-oxidant defenses (poor diets or absorption of nutrients).
One of the several hydroxychloroquine studies found patients on it did worse, but I think most studies just showed little difference between the hydroxychloroquine and the control group. Although there were issues with heart arrhythmia side effects in the hydroxychloroquine group.
From your link: More than 90% of critical coronavirus patients treated with hydroxychloroquine developed signs of dangerous heart arrhythmias, two studies reveal
"critical" is the key word there. Most all of the HCQ studies done to date have been in-hospital trials on patients in critical condition or in ICU, & these patients hearts are already under a great deal of stress.
Haven't seen any reports of serious cardiac issues when HCQ is used on outpatient populations with early stage disease. The WHO 2017 Monograph on "the cardiotoxicity of antimalarials" opines:
"Despite hundreds of millions of doses administered in the treatment of malaria, there have been no reports of sudden unexplained death associated with quinine, chloroquine or amodiaquine, although each drug causes QT/QTc interval prolongation"
It's becoming clear HCQ is not safe or effective as a salvage med for those with late stage COVID, but doctors in the field treating patients early/outpatient are reporting much better results regarding both safety and efficacy.
This could be a disease that badly affects people with deficient anti-oxidant defenses (poor diets or absorption of nutrients).
Vitamin deficiency is a big part of it, but what you really want is to make sure you got your sugar under control. Unfortunately thats not easy to fix as genetics plays a big part. People need better diet/exercise and maybe a shot of insulin or other supplements(cinnamon,chromium,gymnema,bitter melon, ALA).
See Linus Pauling Institute for more info on metabolism and immunity
Vitamin deficiency is a big part of it, but what you really want is to make sure you got your sugar under control. Unfortunately thats not easy to fix as genetics plays a big part. People need better diet/exercise and maybe a shot of insulin or other supplements(cinnamon,chromium,gymnema,bitter melon, ALA).
See Linus Pauling Institute for more info on metabolism and immunity
I agree it is a matter of lifetime diet/exercise and a lot of lifestyle choices, but it is also very much a matter of genetics and epigenetics too. (I've wondered if epigenetics doesn't have it's own compounded history over a lifetime.) I think a recent study of twins and siblings indicated that half of the variation in responses to this COV-19 virus was apparently due to genetics. That leaves a lot.
At the point of severe illness, I guess there isn't a lot you can do to immediately to fix metabolic disorders. Or maybe there is for diabetics, I don't know. There may be some vitamins and minerals that can quickly help the body live to fight another day. I notice a lot of ICU protocols immediately put patients on IV vitamin C. Some fast interventions have involved NAC, glutathione, or even NAD+ (NMN). Something is giving these patients a sudden boost when they could hardly breathe.
955 sailors on the U.S.S. Roosevelt are now positive for COVID-19 but only one is hospitalized. MMR vaccinations given to all U.S. Navy recruits could be responsible for the mostly mild cases.
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