35 replies to this topic

[Danail Bulgaria]

I wonder if there is in the literature a list of all theories for the factors, that cause the aging?
If there is not such a list, it will be nice we to make a list like that.

Here are the theories, that I know of:

Wear and tear theory
Cholesterol theory for aging
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations
Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
Theory of shortening of the telomeres
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
Oxydative damage theory
Immune detoriation theory
Hormonal disbalance theory
The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation

Please, feel free to add more and more theories, that You know of.

Edited by Mind, 04 April 2012 - 07:37 PM.

[VidX]

Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose). I think it's the most important one..

[Mind]

Wikipedia is always a good place to start.

Here is an older article I have used in the past, kind-of a historical review.

Of course there is SENS and the 7 deadly things.

There is also this older thread from Imminst about everyone's favorite definition of aging.

[Danail Bulgaria]

Thank You VidX and Mind!
I have listed the newely suggested theories in the list. However, I need some help to determine if some theories are not added twice with different names. I went on the SENS web site, but could not find the seven deadly things. Would You please list them?

So, so far the list with the aging theories (listed alphabetically) is:

Accumulative-Waste Theory
Activity theory
Aging as programmed process =? Planned Obsolescence Theory
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
Autoimmune Theory
Cholesterol theory for aging
Continuity Theory
Cross-Linkage Theory
Disengagement Theory
DNA damage theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose).
Free radicals theory =? Oxydative damage theory
Hormonal disbalance theory
Hayflick Limit Theory
Immune detoriation theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory
Mitochondrial Decline Theory
Mitohormesis
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman
Oxydative damage theory =? Free radicals theory
Planned Obsolescence Theory =? Aging as programmed process
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory
Selectivity Theory
Somatic Mutation Theory =? Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations
Telomere Theory
Telomerase Theory of Aging
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations =? Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
Theory of shortening of the telomeres
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation
Wear and tear theory

[Danail Bulgaria]

When I red the topic posted from Sillewater about the 1.5bn Heart Beat Theory, I think it has to be included in the list,
The final list of aging theories so far is:

1.5bn Heart Beat Theory (http://www.npr.org/t...toryId=12877984)
Accumulative-Waste Theory
Activity theory
Aging as programmed process =? Planned Obsolescence Theory
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
Autoimmune Theory
Cholesterol theory for aging
Continuity Theory
Cross-Linkage Theory
Disengagement Theory
DNA damage theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose).
Free radicals theory =? Oxydative damage theory
Hormonal disbalance theory
Hayflick Limit Theory
Immune detoriation theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory
Mitochondrial Decline Theory
Mitohormesis
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman
Oxydative damage theory =? Free radicals theory
Planned Obsolescence Theory =? Aging as programmed process
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory
Selectivity Theory
Somatic Mutation Theory =? Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations
Telomere Theory
Telomerase Theory of Aging
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations =? Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
Theory of shortening of the telomeres
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation
Wear and tear theory

[Danail Bulgaria]

P.S. It seems, that hormonal disbalance theory is not only one theory. It perhaps will be better to be created a group, named "HORMONAL THEORIES", where to be placed the HGH (human growth hormone) theory, the TSH low levels theory (discussed in another topic here, started from Matt http://www.longecity...reme-longevity/) and The multiple hormonal disbalances theory.
The list of aging theories:

1.5bn Heart Beat Theory (http://www.npr.org/t...toryId=12877984)
Accumulative-Waste Theory
Activity theory
Aging as programmed process =? Planned Obsolescence Theory
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
Autoimmune Theory
Cholesterol theory for aging
Continuity Theory
Cross-Linkage Theory
Disengagement Theory
DNA damage theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose).
Free radicals theory =? Oxydative damage theory

HORMONAL THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory

Hayflick Limit Theory
Immune detoriation theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory
Mitochondrial Decline Theory
Mitohormesis
Oxydative damage theory =? Free radicals theory
Planned Obsolescence Theory =? Aging as programmed process
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory
Selectivity Theory
Somatic Mutation Theory =? Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations
Telomere Theory
Telomerase Theory of Aging
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations =? Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
Theory of shortening of the telomeres
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation
Wear and tear theory

[brokenportal]

Now how do we sort this out so that we only have strategies that have a chance of bringing about indefinite life extension?

Many of these it seems can be summed up as SENS, so we could take out depletion of cells, mitochondrial decline, possibly take out dna damage, cross linking, etc.. Is it argued anywhere that any of the 7 alone or in groups of less than 7 could bring about indefinite life extension? Telomeres comes to mind for that one but Im not sure, as far as I know if you fixed the telomere dilemma, you would still have to contend with the other 6 forms of damage accumulation.

So besides SENS, the only one that I know of so far that is in serious contention to potentially bring about indefinite life extension is what you seem to have listed as all of these, which I think are the same thing, and worked on by more than Michael Rose.

Aging as programmed process =? Planned Obsolescence Theory
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)
Planned Obsolescence Theory =? Aging as programmed process

Free radical theory and mitohormesis seem to be taken care of by mitosens. Cholesterol is something we can take care of with out radical ant aging intervention it seems. Ill have to read up on hormonal theory, I remember seeing some arguments for it.

[Danail Bulgaria]

After I made a literature analysis about the theories of aging, I noticed, that some of them are interweaving with others in quite difficult manner, so sorting them into groups by the strategies for achieving immortality (or longer life or slowing down the process of aging) is not an easy and accurate task, as it looks at a first glance. At this moment I think, that producing a separate classification of the strategies for acheiving indefinite life extension will be more accurate and usefull, rather than they to be mixed with a classification of the theories of aging. A try to be done this may be made in this forum in a topic named something as "List of the all known strategies for acheiving indefinite life extension" or "List of all known strategies for slowing down the process of aging".
In such a new topic the strategies there may be listed, and their connection with the aging theories may be added like something like that:
1) Lenghtening the telomeres - in accordance to the theories of depletion of cells, the telomerase theory of aging and the telomere theory of aging.
2) Receiving antioxydants - in accordance with the oxydative damage theory and the free radicals theory.
etc.

[niner]

Wouldn't it be better to focus on the theories that we still think are correct? For example, Hayflick, Telomere, and Telomerase theories are essentially the same thing, and do not in and of themselves explain aging. I think it would be more productive to consider the Seven Deadly Things:

Aging Damage / Discovery / SENS Solution
Cell loss, tissue atrophy / 1955¹ Stem cells and tissue engineering (RepleniSENS)
Nuclear [epi]mutations / 1959², 1982³ Removal of telomere-lengthening machinery (OncoSENS)
Mutant mitochondria / 1972⁴ Allotopic expression of 13 proteins (MitoSENS)
Death-resistant cells / 1965⁵ Targeted ablation (ApoptoSENS)
Tissue stiffening / 1958⁶, 1981⁷ AGE-breaking molecules (GlycoSENS); tissue engineering
Extracellular aggregates / 1907⁸ Immunotherapeutic clearance (AmyloSENS)
Intracellular aggregates / 1959⁹ Novel lysosomal hydrolases (LysoSENS)

Edited by niner, 09 February 2012 - 01:40 AM.

[Danail Bulgaria]

To focus in the correct theories of aging is the right path niner, but this is impossible. Since noone so far has produced an ageless person, noone may say with absolute acuracy which theory is correct and which is not. After time passes theories, that seems now to be absurd may appear to be true, and the opposite - theories, that now seem very likely may be proven to be false in the future.
Sometimes the differences in the interpretation of the theories is very tiny. For example the telomere theory claims, that telomere shortening are the reason for the cells to age, however as far as I know it is not so far proven, that telomerase is the only one factor, that affects the telomeres length, so according to me it will be better to be listed the both factors as separate teories. Moreover, since the telomere theory is a theory, it is not a sure prove, that the Hayflick limit is due only to the telomeres of the cell. Ofcourse I may not be right, but this is the forum for - to be taken some sort of unanimously decision. I think, that a biogerontologist will be the best person to explain if there are tiny differences among these theories, and if so are there enough arguments for them to be put in separate or they have to be united in one theory.

[Danail Bulgaria]

P.S. thanks for the replies brokenportal and niner. I suppose, that brokenportal knows much more from me about the Michael Rose theory and I will agree with him to remove the theories, that I was thinking are the same, and will make one theory from the 3 of them. From the theories, that niner showed the Death-resistant cells theory is new for me, so I will add it to the list. When I understood more about the extracellular and intracellular aggregates theory, I decided to brake down the Accumulative-Waste Theory to these two theories. I will also add the mutant mitochondria theory. In order to make the list both more complete and at the same time more contemprorary, I placed a star * before the theories, that are now accepted to be more truetful than the other theories. In order to be ethiologically classified, i spread them into groups. Please, look at the list/classification and post comments.

[Danail Bulgaria]

THEORIES OF ACCUMULATION
*Extracellular aggregates accumulation / 1907 http://www.sens.org/...hemes/amylosens
*Intracellular aggregates accumulation / 1959 http://www.sens.org/...themes/lysosens
Theory of cholesterol accumulation
Theory of amyloid accumulation
DNA damage accumulation theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory: Wang et al. suggest that ageing is the result of the accumulation of "Misrepair"
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations = Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation in the human body

THEORIES OF DEPLETION
Hayflick Limit Theory http://en.wikipedia..../Hayflick_limit
*Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
*Metabolic rate depletion theory http://prolongyouth....f-Living-Theory

BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
1.5bn Heart Beat Theory (http://www.npr.org/t...toryId=12877984)
Activity reduction theory
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory http://en.wikipedia....ll_cycle_theory
Selectivity Theory
Calorie Restriction Theory http://www.anti-agin...restriction.htm
The Membrane Theory of Aging http://www.anti-agin...ry/membrane.htm
*Death-resistant cells / 1965 http://www.sens.org/...emes/apoptosens
*Tissue stiffening / 1958, 1981 http://www.sens.org/...hemes/glycosens

IMUNOLOGICAL THEORIES
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Autoimmune Theory
Immune detoriation theory

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
Continuity Theory http://en.wikipedia....y_theory_(aging)
Disengagement Theory http://en.wikipedia....gagement_theory

GENETIC THEORIES
Aging as programmed process = Planned Obsolescence Theory
*DNA damage theory
*DNA accumulation damage theory = Somatic Mutation Theory
*Telomere Theory
*Telomerase Theory of Aging
Redundant DNA Theory http://www.anti-agin...dundant-dna.htm
Gene Mutation Theory http://prolongyouth....Mutation-Theory

INTOXICATION THEORIES
Mitohormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis

BIOCHEMICAL THEORIES
Cross-Linkage Theory http://prolongyouth....-Linkage-Theory
Free radicals theory = Oxydative damage theory
*Mitochondrial Decline Theory http://www.anti-agin...ial-decline.htm
The Acidification Theory of Aging http://www.anti-agin...idification.htm
*Mutant mitochondria / 1972 Allotopic expression of 13 proteins

EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)

NEUROENDOCRINE THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman = The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory
Death Hormone Theory (DECO) http://www.anti-agin...ath-hormone.htm
Thymic Insufience Theory http://www.anti-agin...stimulating.htm
Metabolic rate depletion theory http://prolongyouth....f-Living-Theory

WEAR AND TEAR THEORIES
Wear and tear theory (general)
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity http://en.wikipedia....g_and_longevity

COMBINATION BETWEEN THE THEORIES
Virtually a large number of theories may be produced by combining two or more theories and thus shaping new theory.

[Marios Kyriazis]

There is another theory, the loss of complexity in aging:
http://www.ncbi.nlm....pubmed/20662589
also here:
http://www.ncbi.nlm....pubmed/12766532
This holds that aging is due to loss of biological complexity and sophistication, and that if we try to increase input of information and complex challenges, then we may be able to slow down the process

[Danail Bulgaria]

Thank You mrszeta, I will add this theory to the depletion theories, since it talks about loss of complexity.

[Danail Bulgaria]

THEORIES OF ACCUMULATION
*Extracellular aggregates accumulation / 1907 http://www.sens.org/...hemes/amylosens
*Intracellular aggregates accumulation / 1959 http://www.sens.org/...themes/lysosens
Theory of cholesterol accumulation
Theory of amyloid accumulation
DNA damage accumulation theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory: Wang et al. suggest that ageing is the result of the accumulation of "Misrepair"
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations = Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation in the human body

THEORIES OF DEPLETION
Hayflick Limit Theory http://en.wikipedia..../Hayflick_limit
*Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
*Metabolic rate depletion theory http://prolongyouth....f-Living-Theory
There is another theory, the loss of complexity in aging http://www.ncbi.nlm....pubmed/20662589

BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
1.5bn Heart Beat Theory
Activity reduction theory
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory http://en.wikipedia....ll_cycle_theory
Selectivity Theory
Calorie Restriction Theory http://www.anti-agin...restriction.htm
The Membrane Theory of Aging http://www.anti-agin...ry/membrane.htm
*Death-resistant cells / 1965 http://www.sens.org/...emes/apoptosens
*Tissue stiffening / 1958, 1981 http://www.sens.org/...hemes/glycosens

IMUNOLOGICAL THEORIES
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Autoimmune Theory
Immune detoriation theory

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
Continuity Theory http://en.wikipedia....y_theory_(aging)
Disengagement Theory http://en.wikipedia....gagement_theory

GENETIC THEORIES
Aging as programmed process = Planned Obsolescence Theory
*DNA damage theory
*DNA accumulation damage theory = Somatic Mutation Theory
*Telomere Theory
*Telomerase Theory of Aging
Redundant DNA Theory http://www.anti-agin...dundant-dna.htm
Gene Mutation Theory http://prolongyouth....Mutation-Theory

INTOXICATION THEORIES
Mitohormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis

BIOCHEMICAL THEORIES
Cross-Linkage Theory http://prolongyouth....-Linkage-Theory
Free radicals theory = Oxydative damage theory
*Mitochondrial Decline Theory http://www.anti-agin...ial-decline.htm
The Acidification Theory of Aging http://www.anti-agin...idification.htm
*Mutant mitochondria / 1972 Allotopic expression of 13 proteins

EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)

NEUROENDOCRINE THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman = The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory
Death Hormone Theory (DECO) http://www.anti-agin...ath-hormone.htm
Thymic Insufience Theory http://www.anti-agin...stimulating.htm
Metabolic rate depletion theory http://prolongyouth....f-Living-Theory

WEAR AND TEAR THEORIES
Wear and tear theory (general)
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity http://en.wikipedia....g_and_longevity

COMBINATION BETWEEN THE THEORIES
Virtually a large number of theories may be produced by combining two or more theories and thus shaping new theory.

[Marios Kyriazis]

In reality, there is only one reason why aging happens: Because the rate of damage exceeds the rate of repair. This happens because the allocation of resources is skewed and favors the repair of the germ line instead of the repair of the soma (body). This is essential for the survival of the species (via survival of the DNA), at the expence of the individual which must age and die. Most, if not all of the above theories originate from this.

[Danail Bulgaria]

This thoughts seem to me close to the wear and tear theory. According to it the human body slowly detoriates, due to many factors, including its function, the environment, the job, that the person is doing and others. The opponents of this theory say, that the human body have the possibility to reover. However, I must say, that I agree with the fact, that damage of certain cells and tissues never recover, or do not recover with full functionality.

Another theory, that is close to Your thoughts is the damage accumulation theory. However, I didn't add it, because I could not find differences between it and the wear and tear theory.

I have heared also about the dispossible soma theory, but I am not sure what does it postulates.

Are those thoughts differ from the above theories? If there is a difference, I will add this theory in the list of theories.

[Marios Kyriazis]

The Disposable Soma Theory is one of the most accepted evolutionary theories. Essentially it postulates what I mentioned above re the allocation of energy resources.

[Danail Bulgaria]

OK, thank You again mrszeta! I will add it to the evolutionary theories.

THEORIES OF ACCUMULATION
*Extracellular aggregates accumulation / 1907
*Intracellular aggregates accumulation / 1959
Theory of cholesterol accumulation
Theory of amyloid accumulation
DNA damage accumulation theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory: Wang et al. suggest that ageing is the result of the accumulation of "Misrepair"
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations = Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation in the human body
THEORIES OF DEPLETION
Hayflick Limit Theory
*Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
*Metabolic rate depletion theory
There is another theory, the loss of complexity in aging
BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
1.5bn Heart Beat Theory
Activity reduction theory
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory
Selectivity Theory
Calorie Restriction Theory
The Membrane Theory of Aging
*Death-resistant cells / 1965
*Tissue stiffening / 1958, 1981
IMUNOLOGICAL THEORIES
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Autoimmune Theory
Immune detoriation theory
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
Continuity Theory
Disengagement Theory
GENETIC THEORIES
Aging as programmed process = Planned Obsolescence Theory
*DNA damage theory
*DNA accumulation damage theory = Somatic Mutation Theory
*Telomere Theory
*Telomerase Theory of Aging
Redundant DNA Theory
Gene Mutation Theory
INTOXICATION THEORIES
Mitohormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis
BIOCHEMICAL THEORIES
Cross-Linkage Theory
Free radicals theory = Oxydative damage theory
*Mitochondrial Decline Theory
The Acidification Theory of Aging
*Mutant mitochondria / 1972 Allotopic expression of 13 proteins
EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)
The Disposable Soma Theory
NEUROENDOCRINE THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman = The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory
Death Hormone Theory (DECO)
Thymic Insufience Theory
Metabolic rate depletion theory
WEAR AND TEAR THEORIES
Wear and tear theory (general)
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity
COMBINATION BETWEEN THE THEORIES
Virtually a large number of theories may be produced by combining two or more theories and thus shaping new theory.

[Danail Bulgaria]

wow, the list appeared very badly.
Here is it again:


THEORIES OF ACCUMULATION
*Extracellular aggregates accumulation / 1907
*Intracellular aggregates accumulation / 1959
Theory of cholesterol accumulation
Theory of amyloid accumulation
DNA damage accumulation theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory: Wang et al. suggest that ageing is the result of the accumulation of "Misrepair"
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations = Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation in the human body

THEORIES OF DEPLETION
Hayflick Limit Theory
*Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
*Metabolic rate depletion theory
There is another theory, the loss of complexity in aging

BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
1.5bn Heart Beat Theory
Activity reduction theory
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory
Selectivity Theory
Calorie Restriction Theory
The Membrane Theory of Aging
*Death-resistant cells / 1965
*Tissue stiffening / 1958, 1981

IMUNOLOGICAL THEORIES
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Autoimmune Theory
Immune detoriation theory

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
Continuity Theory
Disengagement Theory

GENETIC THEORIES
Aging as programmed process = Planned Obsolescence Theory
*DNA damage theory
*DNA accumulation damage theory = Somatic Mutation Theory
*Telomere Theory
*Telomerase Theory of Aging
Redundant DNA Theory
Gene Mutation Theory

INTOXICATION THEORIES
Mitohormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis

BIOCHEMICAL THEORIES
Cross-Linkage Theory
Free radicals theory = Oxydative damage theory
*Mitochondrial Decline Theory
The Acidification Theory of Aging
*Mutant mitochondria / 1972 Allotopic expression of 13 proteins

EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)
The Disposable Soma Theory

NEUROENDOCRINE THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman = The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory
Death Hormone Theory (DECO)
Thymic Insufience Theory
Metabolic rate depletion theory

WEAR AND TEAR THEORIES
Wear and tear theory (general)
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity

COMBINATION BETWEEN THE THEORIES
Virtually a large number of theories may be produced by combining two or more theories and thus shaping new theory.

[Danail Bulgaria]

mrszeta, You wrote, that according to You the aging is due to a process in which "the rate of damage exceeds the rate of repair". From that, I think, that You suppose, that there exists some sort of balance between the two rates - the rate of damage and the rate of repair. If this is so, then there are some differences between Your theory and the wear and tear theories and the dispossible soma theory. I was reading for awhile about these theories, however, I didn't find such a balance or equilibrium, that suggests the rate of damage exceeds the rate of repair. So, if I am right, and if You don;t mind, Your theory may be included into the list of the theories. Can Your theory be formulated as theory for disrupting of the balance between the rate of repair and the rate of damage?

[Marios Kyriazis]

mrszeta, You wrote, that according to You the aging is due to a process in which "the rate of damage exceeds the rate of repair". From that, I think, that You suppose, that there exists some sort of balance between the two rates - the rate of damage and the rate of repair. If this is so, then there are some differences between Your theory and the wear and tear theories and the dispossible soma theory. I was reading for awhile about these theories, however, I didn't find such a balance or equilibrium, that suggests the rate of damage exceeds the rate of repair. So, if I am right, and if You don;t mind, Your theory may be included into the list of the theories. Can Your theory be formulated as theory for disrupting of the balance between the rate of repair and the rate of damage?

The rate of damage vs repair is not my own personal theory, but I happen to support the idea.

There is a balance between the rate of damage and that of repair - the two processes try to 'take each other over', and the result is that we manage to live to the age of around 80-120 before the rate of damage takes over completely and we die. At a deeper level, I see it as Physics trying to increase damage (trhough friction, gravity, entropy etc) whereas Biology is trying to balance this by increasing the rate of repair (through innate mechanisms that increase biological complexity). The Disposable Soma theory merely states that the rate of repair is diminished because the energy resources are depleted. I am saying that we can increase the rate of repair (and thus live longer) by increasing biological sophistication via a variety of means, which I have already discussed elsewhere:


https://skydrive.liv...91D98A0F83A!141

[Danail Bulgaria]

OK, so the dispossible soma theory is actually a damage/repair balance theory. So, no need another theory to be added.

[Danail Bulgaria]

In another topic in this forum - http://www.longecity...ing-hypothesis/ was discussed the possibility the aging to be provoked by damaging the membranes from peroxidation and the fatty acids involved in that. I hope, that noone will mind if I add this theory in the list.
The final list of the aging theories is:

THEORIES OF ACCUMULATION
*Extracellular aggregates accumulation / 1907
*Intracellular aggregates accumulation / 1959
Theory of cholesterol accumulation
Theory of amyloid accumulation
DNA damage accumulation theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory: Wang et al. suggest that ageing is the result of the accumulation of "Misrepair"
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations = Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation in the human body

THEORIES OF DEPLETION
Hayflick Limit Theory
*Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
*Metabolic rate depletion theory
There is another theory, the loss of complexity in aging

BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
1.5bn Heart Beat Theory
Activity reduction theory
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory
Selectivity Theory
Calorie Restriction Theory
The Membrane Theory of Aging
*Death-resistant cells / 1965
*Tissue stiffening / 1958, 1981

IMUNOLOGICAL THEORIES
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Autoimmune Theory
Immune detoriation theory

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
Continuity Theory
Disengagement Theory

GENETIC THEORIES
Aging as programmed process = Planned Obsolescence Theory
*DNA damage theory
*DNA accumulation damage theory = Somatic Mutation Theory
*Telomere Theory
*Telomerase Theory of Aging
Redundant DNA Theory
Gene Mutation Theory

INTOXICATION THEORIES
Mitohormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis

BIOCHEMICAL THEORIES
Cross-Linkage Theory
Free radicals theory = Oxydative damage theory
*Mitochondrial Decline Theory
The Acidification Theory of Aging
*Mutant mitochondria / 1972 Allotopic expression of 13 proteins

EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)
The Disposable Soma Theory

NEUROENDOCRINE THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman = The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory
Death Hormone Theory (DECO)
Thymic Insufience Theory
Metabolic rate depletion theory

WEAR AND TEAR THEORIES
Wear and tear theory (general)
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity
DHA-Accelerated Aging Hypothesis

COMBINATION BETWEEN THE THEORIES
Virtually a large number of theories may be produced by combining two or more theories and thus shaping new theory.

[Danail Bulgaria]

Russian scientists represented a large scheme to represent the process of the aging of the human, so I decided to include it into the list. So, here is the list for now:

THEORIES OF ACCUMULATION
*Extracellular aggregates accumulation / 1907 http://www.sens.org/...hemes/amylosens
*Intracellular aggregates accumulation / 1959 http://www.sens.org/...themes/lysosens
Theory of cholesterol accumulation
Theory of amyloid accumulation
DNA damage accumulation theory
Error Accumulation Theory
Misrepair-Accumulation Theory: Wang et al. suggest that ageing is the result of the accumulation of "Misrepair"
Theory for accumulation of genetic mutations = Somatic Mutation Theory
Theory of intracellular "garbage" accumulation in the human body

THEORIES OF DEPLETION
Hayflick Limit Theory http://en.wikipedia..../Hayflick_limit
*Theory of depletion of cellular devidings
*Metabolic rate depletion theory http://prolongyouth....f-Living-Theory
There is another theory, the loss of complexity in aging http://www.ncbi.nlm....pubmed/20662589

BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
1.5bn Heart Beat Theory
Activity reduction theory
Reproductive-Cell Cycle Theory http://en.wikipedia....ll_cycle_theory
Selectivity Theory
Calorie Restriction Theory http://www.anti-agin...restriction.htm
The Membrane Theory of Aging http://www.anti-agin...ry/membrane.htm
*Death-resistant cells / 1965 http://www.sens.org/...emes/apoptosens
*Tissue stiffening / 1958, 1981 http://www.sens.org/...hemes/glycosens

IMUNOLOGICAL THEORIES
Aging as provoked from inflammation (no matter if microbal and aseptical)
The microorganisms theory, that is being discussed in the Aging Theories section of this forum
Autoimmune Theory
Immune detoriation theory

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
Continuity Theory http://en.wikipedia....y_theory_(aging
Disengagement Theory http://en.wikipedia....gagement_theory

GENETIC THEORIES
Aging as programmed process = Planned Obsolescence Theory
*DNA damage theory
*DNA accumulation damage theory = Somatic Mutation Theory
*Telomere Theory
*Telomerase Theory of Aging
Redundant DNA Theory http://www.anti-agin...dundant-dna.htm
Gene Mutation Theory http://prolongyouth....Mutation-Theory

INTOXICATION THEORIES
Mitohormesis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis

BIOCHEMICAL THEORIES
Cross-Linkage Theory http://prolongyouth....-Linkage-Theory
Free radicals theory = Oxydative damage theory
*Mitochondrial Decline Theory http://www.anti-agin...ial-decline.htm
The Acidification Theory of Aging http://www.anti-agin...idification.htm
*Mutant mitochondria / 1972 Allotopic expression of 13 proteins

EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES
Evolutionary theory of aging (M.R.Rose)
The Disposable Soma Theory

NEUROENDOCRINE THEORIES
Hormonal disbalance theory
The Neuroendocrine Theory of Professor Vladimir Dilman = The theory as provoked from the central neurous system
HGH (human growth hormone) theory
TSH low levels theory
Death Hormone Theory (DECO) http://www.anti-agin...ath-hormone.htm
Thymic Insufience Theory http://www.anti-agin...stimulating.htm
Metabolic rate depletion theory http://prolongyouth....f-Living-Theory

WEAR AND TEAR THEORIES
Wear and tear theory (general)
Reliability theory of ageing and longevity http://en.wikipedia....g_and_longevity
DHA-Accelerated Aging Hypothesis

COMBINATION BETWEEN THE THEORIES
*The Russian scheme for the aging http://www.sciencevs...0.5.4_final.jpg
Virtually a large number of theories may be produced by combining two or more theories and thus shaping new theory.

[treonsverdery]

Nice topic seivtcho

I think this may be a new theory, I may have written about it here previously.

cytomorphology effects cytokine activity causing misregulation of cytosystems. or "histology surface change quantitatively reregulates tissue" http://www.longecity...hat-treat-this/

basically as tissues accumulate shape change, their actual chemical messengering with neighbors changes, modifying tissue activity, causing symptoms.

Imagine a bunch of perfect spheres packed together, they all just slightly touch, now imagine a bunch of water ballons packed together, massive surface contact right?
each sphere or water balloon is covered with receptors as well as secreting chemicals, so the amount of chemicals the heaped spheres would transmit, or be able to receive might be a hundredth that of the heaped water balloons. Thus shape change alone can regulate cytomessaging more than an order of magnitude or two. When scientists study the shape of elderly tissue (histology) it is obviously different than younger tissue thus the actual receptor densitity, secretion density, actual contact area parameters could be measured. Then cytomorphology (cytoshape) drugs could be tried to see if drugs that caused greater similarity to youthful contact area also created greater longevity.

an undergrad way to test this would be plate tissue culture of a mammalian tissue, preferably human, grow one right side up, the other upside down(or even centrifuged), then verify the cytes were different shapes from gravity, then see if the hayflick effect was different (a measure of longevity)just from the surface area effect.

Also potentially rather similar to the psychology theories is that elderly humans live longer when exposed to children (pubmed reference) now one approach is to believe this has to do with psychological participation, or cognitive stimulation, yet it could also be a result of immunological or pheremonal effects. college humans apparently modify their heart rate as well as attentiveness as a result of smelling t shirts others have worn, thus there could be chemical effects here as well.


Then there is the engineering approach to efficacy.

One of the things Aubrey has written of is that scientists differ from engineers, engineers are driven to accomplish a technological accomplishment while scientists create new knowledge. To Aubrey, the way no scientist has simply combined say the top ten pharmacological longevity medicines at a huge quantity of mice to find the most effective current solution to aging is because to a scientist, at a scientific culture, thats kind of different than creating new knowledge. I strongly value basic reasearch as well as applied technology. Thus there is also the engineering perspective to cure aging. Actually scientists might call this empiricism, "try building on what works, create application notes as well as theory on the way" brings new actual knowledge to light as well

There is also the possibilityof a chronoregulation theory. Viewing this video provides the data graph.
40,980 Norwegian siblings were ranked on IQ similarity along numerous decades. The heritability of IQ ranged between about .23 to .87, following an obviously discerable curve with time. Thus all kinds of other genetic things things like susceptibility to disease may also vary their heritability gradually.


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Such a chronoeffect would have very meaningful effects on the study of aging as there is apparently an outside effect on gene expression that has not yet been described. Notably do lab mice also have a regularly changing curve of genetic heritability of traits that is on the same schedule as humans, or does theirs oscillate much faster? That would determine if it was a area EM(electromagnetic) or EMlike effect, or some other effect

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lluQz9CagG4

Edited by treonsverdery, 29 March 2012 - 09:29 PM.

[Danail Bulgaria]

treonsverdery, thank You for the interest of this topic.

However, I couldn't fully understand what do You mean.

As far as I understand, You are supposing several theories:
1. Theory, that the aging is caused by change in the cytosurface, which influences the receptors of the cells.
2. Theory, that the process of aging is caused by insuficient psychological participation, or cognitive stimulation.
3. A chronoregulation theory, according to which the regulation of our genes is decreasing slowly with time.
4. Theory, that the aging is caused by an electromagnetic or EMlike (electromagnetic like?) effect.

Please, answer if I have understood You correctly, so the theories to be added in the list.

[treonsverdery]

1 you described what I mean

2 actually what looks like psychological stimulation could also be explained with something like pheremones, that is noting that at other stdies sniffing t shirts changes heart rate as well as attentiveness, if you have an elderly person have a slightly different heart rate or attentiveness over a while, it could actually affect their longevity as a sepearate chemical process similar to what scientists call quorum sensing , similarly mice exposed to the scent of crowded mice or attractrive mice might have different lifespans, although that might blend chemoresponse with information content. to the humans the t shirts were apparently identical as well as unscented.

3 as well as 4 a chronoVariation theory, where genetic determinacy goes up or down gradually yet rather than time being the source of the effect a different thing is the source of the effect

There are also spiritual technology theories of aging as well, I think these have been described as morphogenic fields The one I heard about yet have not tried is that people that have voluntary sex with virgins have greater physiological well being thus may live longer. You can see how if it works it is a new theory. It is easily tested Just have mice breed only with virgin mice or sexually experienced mice then see if it affects their longevity. some people might also be willing to try this with humans. They could also try this with nonhuman primates as well. The similarity or contrast of the results (works with each or some) could be traced to either spiritual technology or chemistry.

another aging theory that is actually so obvious it is kind of part of other theories yet not listed is the proteome difference theory. scientists routinely measure the proteome or all proteins made n their paths of action at tissues. young tissue has a different specific proteins produced, at different amounts, at different raters of production than old tissue. the scientists often make charts of the mRNA (protein making instructions) difference of activity between two groups like at the expression graph at http://www.ncbi.nlm....e-0023652-g004/
I say this is obvious because when a supplements user takes a pill that causes the body to make a younger level of a particular chemical they are already doing this

You could say the Activity or keep busy theory is also meaningful. Astronauts must exercise to keep from dwindling, mental tasks apparently give greater durability of cognition, so noting that caffeine reduces mouse alzheimers 70 pct, is it the chemical or some kind of mental stimulation that causes the maintained youthful response. Hormesis is the observation that challenge builds greater well being than absence of challenge at certain circumstances. Compared with astronauts earth dwellers just think exercise is natural.

[treonsverdery]

Here is a new theory of aging,
it could be called the buffered environment or perfect nutrient theory

Neurons live over a century
Other tissues rotate all their cytes out every 7 years
Thus neurons have a high degree of longevity compared with other human tissues
This could because of the blood brain barrier(BBB), basically epithilial cytes right next to every neuron superfilter as well as regularize all of the ions nutrients cytokines that the neurons feel. Thus it could be that superperfect blood chemistry would cause vastly greater longevity, or it could be that the physical support of the BBB as well as the brain tissue known as glia, causes the neurons to always have a regularized physical shape thus always maintaining their cytokine communications functionality rather like the histology surface change quantitatively reregulates tissue

if you combine regulation of when cytes are replaced with higher quality body fluids possibly other human tussues would last as long as neurons, possibly multiplying organism longevity many times.

Now, whats wrong with this idea? well, mice. Mice get senile before humans reach kindergarten yet mice have blood brain barriers. so some other programmed effect may be causing multisystem senescence. The human brain keeps growing until age 10 or beyond, after most mice are thrice dead. so rather than a superfilter explanation some kind of organismal program is likely. However, scientists frequently find that soaking tissue cultures with things like long lived animal chemicals (jellyfish, NDGA from plants) makes the tissue live longer so there is also support of a superfilter theory.

[robosapiens]

Of the above, what have repair mechanisms accociated with them, albeit imperfect - if one had accellerated repair systems for the aformetioned, what effect would that have?