For the orginal Japanese txt get the doc I uploaded.
1 .
Introduction
In urban areas , nearly half of the suspended particulate matter is Dee
It is said that diesel cars from . We , the de
The intake to the mother mouse pregnant gas ~Izeru vehicles to discharge
Reproductive system of offspring Wase , was born , and to the central nervous system
I have studied the influence . As a result, it seems to exhaust gas from
Nano size to be (100 nm Particulate matter less than black )
But , to be stored in the granules digestion of brain perivascular granule cells of the offspring
The look and Rukoto , that the accident variety is found in the brain
Brewed .
One
)
On the other hand , nano technology as the foundation of industrial technology
Expectation has been received , fullerene , carbon nano
The development and manufacturing of nanomaterials and various other tube , the response
Use has been promoted . Nanotechnology is very wide
This is a technology which had the horizons have , Meri~tsu it brings
The door immeasurable . Reason alone uncertainties , especially
It is preferable to remove the anxiety of influence of health benefits
I suspect an important issue is . We exhaust gas particulate
To the child other than carbon-based nanomaterials ( carbon black
Metal-based network , carbon nanotube , and fullerene )
Intentional , Engineering (titanium oxide , zinc oxide , etc.) nanoparticles
Of nanomaterials of various types that are produced in specific work
I have also studied health effects . Our
Na are produced intentionally , unintentionally focusing on research results
I will introduce the health effects of Roh material .
2 .
Health effects of fine particles floating in the air -
PM10 And PM2.5
Suspended particulate matter
( Suspended Particle Matter; SPM )
Is that the particle size
Ten m m
It is particulate matter below, this
If you discover ride into the blood stream as well as deposited in the alveoli Re
Ru . Therefore , so far
SPM
Shadow of health benefits of
In addition to lung cancer , and asthma as sound
Two
)
And hay fever
Three
)
I
Appearance which allergic disease , arrhythmia , shadow on blood pressure
The survey results and experiments related to cardiovascular disease , such as sound
Has been reported . In the metropolitan area and metropolitan area in the United States
Twenty
The survey in the region , and suspended particulate matter concentration
Ten mg/m
Three
Cardiovascular and respiratory disease every time it rises
Mortality due to disease 0.5
More results % and that increase
Ru .
Four
)
Kunzli
The suspended particles based on survey data of various Rahashu
Check the current status of health effects of shape substance , chronic bronchitis
The risk of suspended particulate matter in another disease , such as asthma attacks and
Is calculated .
Five
)
Small particles are further problematic in recent years , the particle size
2.5 m m
Fine particulate matter less (PM2.5 Shadow of health )
Studies to affect were made . As a result, the disease mainly Western
From academic research , the following is revealed .
Six
)
One
)
PM2.5
Alternatively
PM10
Mortality and short-term exposure to
The relationship between the number , from the analysis results of the multiple cities ,
And an increase in particle concentration
One
Within days ( One I will increase to day lag )
Correlation has been found between the number of deaths .
Two
)
Short-term exposure , and all diseases except death exogenous
Death ( all-cause mortality ) by
, Death from cardiovascular disease ,
Correlation with death from respiratory disease have been reported
Ru . In addition , myocardial infarction , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , etc. , individual
Correlation with death from disease are observed .
Three
)
Chemnitz results on mortality increase in the number of cardiovascular disease
Arrhythmia , acute myocardial infarction , coronary artery Itewa , basically
Exacerbates the pathology disease , cerebrovascular disease , such as severe cases
Thing that death is assumed .
Four
)
PM2.5
Alternatively
PM10
Medical and short-term exposure to
Hospitalization visits in cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease to the institution
Relevance to the number of patients have been observed around the world .
The results of epidemiological studies of these human aspirations and animal experiments
Respiratory system revealed in experiments intervention of cancer by
Action through the influence of the autonomic nervous function and stimulation , physiological
Action through the increase in peroxide and the active substance , and blood coagulation
In action and the like through the induction of the thrombus formation or activation of the solid system
It is possible to provide a partial explanation . However , the true
Cause-and-effect relationship is unknown for now .
3 .
Ken ultrafine particles emerging of ( nano- particles)
Yasushi effect -
PM0.1
Research needs
Exposure to air pollution , obtained have on people of all
Is mono , also , by region , by occupation
It is believed that the risk of being exposed to a high concentration.
2.5 mm
Nanoparticles of a large amount included in the fine particles of less than
From that it has been , the health effects of nanoparticles Note newly
Be eyed as .
We're gas diesel vehicles to discharge ( Diesel Exhaust; DE Is allowed to suck mother mouse pregnant ) , equine
Study the impact of offspring reproductive system that has been , to the central nervous system such as
I've been (CREST 2000  2005 Year , Takeda ). This study
In the course of nanosize think that an exhaust gas from (Hundred nm
Particulate matter black or less) brain perivascular granules of pups
It is stored in the digestion of intracellular granules , like the brain each
Clearly for the first time in the world that an abnormality is found , such
Were .
One
)
Nano- particles in the exhaust gas , pass through the placenta of the mother
The process proceeds to fetal with and incorporated into the cerebral perivascular granule cells
I believed that was . Recently ,
Wick
Luo human placenta
Of
ex vivo
The use fluorescent nanoparticles of different sizes in the system
Stomach, diameter 240 nm
Nanoparticles following to cross the placenta
I showed that . This has confirmed the results of our
Ru .
Seven
)
4 .
Ultrafine particles in diesel exhaust gas ( Nanoparticles)
The nature of the Diesel exhaust particles in the exposure device (
Diesel Ex-
haust Particle; DEP
Particle size distribution ) is different in a running state
Made . The idling in the exposure apparatus of our Research Center
When small (the number peaks 60 nm Before and after )
, High-speed operation
When large (the number peak 110 nm Before and after ) the particle size distribution
I was exhibited . Globules of carbon becomes the core , aromatic
The various chemicals and sulfates family hydrocarbons , such as metal
Attached
DEP
It is believed but to be formed . Fruit
When , and washed with an organic solvent particle surface , the surface of the particles
The iron ions is increased , toxicity trout it reveals Tsu was .
8 and 9
)
Dilution tunnel of diesel exhaust exposure apparatus
Observation under an electron microscope of particulate matter taken from
The spherical particles ( Fig. 1 Fibrous with a reference )
( Like carbon nanotubes )
Substance was also observed number .
In particular , particle size
Five
 100 nm
Particles of Carved overall in the mass
It is only slightly do but the majority in number
Ru .
Ten
)
The chemical component , has centered on elemental carbon ,
Metal components, such as iron and calcium , further to the outside
Organic carbon is attached .
Eleven
)
Its origin , unburned fuel
Is the thermal decomposition products or incomplete combustion of lubricating oil and , Yes
The benzo machine as carbon
[
a
]
Pyrene , Nitoroare
Emissions , such as phthalates and dioxin , several hundred
Or more types of materials are attached . I was using cultured cells
Studies
DEP
And to induce oxidative stress in cells
Rukoto is shown,
Twelve
)
DEP
Even surface of
Those metal component is present in the many , stronger oxidation scan
Giving Torres is revealed .
Eleven
)
5 .
To the nervous system of diesel exhaust exposure fetal period
Impact
5-1 .
Pathological findings of brain
As an optical microscope observation ,
DE
In the exposed group , the blockage of small blood vessels and edema in perivascular
I was observed . This finding ,
DE
All of the exposed group
And ( spreads ) is distributed to fine chronic nerve tissue of the entire brain
Had . In addition , under the electron microscope , of the small vessel occlusion
Skin cells to apoptosis -shaped , or missing
Endothelial cells forming process was observed . Of these endothelial cells
Observed in cerebral cortex , hippocampus in all , change , smooth muscle
The pores were clogged squashed in microvessels but does not exist.
These determine the multifocal microinfarctions fine chronic pathologically
Is constant . In addition , edema of the perivascular under an optical microscope
Astrocytes extending in perivascular -like form , ( nerve
That the end foot of astrocytes ) was swollen abnormally
I depends on . Myelin -like material often in the cytoplasm
I was observed .
From the above ,
DE
To the central nervous system of the fetal period of exposure
Injury , such as the following is suggested as the influence of .
◯

Periphery
Vascular injury itself ,
◯

A are getting nutrition from the blood vessel
Injury of nerve cells by dysfunction of the stroke site ,
◯

Of cell injury ahead of the occlusion site by peripheral vascular occlusion
Three
Is the point . These events der lead to atrophy of the brain
Ru .
In addition , the cerebral cortex apoptosis fine image of chronic ( over
Supaze
Three
Apo cerebellar Purkinje cells and positive cells )
Toshisu image was also observed .
One
)
5-2 .
Behavioral abnormalities and changes in the monoamine metabolism
Electron
Along with the observation by the microscope , such as dopamine nerve transfer
Mira changes in the metabolism of monoamine which acts as a substance reaches
Is , abnormalities observed in behavioral tests , such as motor activity
Were .
13, 14
)
Based on the above results , the fine has recently been increased
About the relevance of the cranial nerve disease by Hosono dysfunction
I have been researching as well . Fine of diesel exhaust gas from
Child (
DEP
In a study that was administered during pregnancy a ) fraction
Also , the effect on the central nervous system of the offspring were observed . Or more
Study gas formation (or ultrafine particles present in the atmosphere
Minute ) is transmitted to the mother to child , shadow along with the growth of child development
This suggests that exert a sound .
6 .
Shadow of the reproductive system of a diesel exhaust gas fetal exposure period
Sound
We experiment of diesel exhaust exposure fetal period
In the system , with the proviso that a concentration higher than environmental standards
There is , male reproductive ,
Fifteen

18
)
Female reproductive ,
19
)
Placenta ,
Twenty
)
I
It also , affect the etc. , exhaust gas exposure model real
That exacerbate of the endometriosis , which was developed as a test system
I was in the clear .
21
)
In male mice born , the blood testosterone level
The change , degradation of the day sperm production amount of sperm low momentum
Below , the decrease in normal morphology rate of sperm , testicular tissue deterioration of the image ,
Such as changes in the testis-specific genes was observed . In addition ,
To those caused by abnormal division in meiotic
Multinucleated giant cells , which is considered was observed . Ya animal species
Although the effect depends on the exposure concentration ,
DE
Exposure to male
And also influence , harmful sexual reproductive system , its shadow
It extends to the next generation has been shown that sound . Pregnancy function
Studies have not been done yet , but sperm luck in the exposed group
Since the kinetic energy , normal morphology rate has fallen , affected out
Defect will be rectified is expected .
7 .
Health shadow of nanomaterials that are produced intentionally
Sound
7-1 .
Type and properties of nanomaterials
Nanomate
The real , the carbon black of the carbon material ,
Carbon nanotube , and fullerene nanotechnology
Further as a leader in nology base material
Application is expected . Carbon black and the other in particular
Usage as most multi- black pigment and quality of the ear
Stomach. Carbon nanotubes attention is the strength and conductivity
Is , increased use in the future is expected . In addition , metal
As nanomaterials oxide , titanium oxide makeup
As a photocatalyst and products , zinc oxide is already as pan- cosmetics
Is use . In addition , silver , alumina , and platinum
From being used as the food and daily necessities , Nanoma many kinds of
Teriaru have been put into practical use .
Size of the crystal is small for these nanomaterials
By Kunar thing , the state of the electrons changes, and large normal
It appears to have properties such as not to Kina substance . For example , of
The biological reactivity increases . Chemical reaction of a substance basically
Occur at the surface , but the material is nano- sized
Surface area per unit mass Ri increases . The specific surface
It is supposed to be an increase in the area increases the chemical reactivity
Ru . Other physicochemical variables many be less
Reduction are known , biological effects of in the body
It is not clear necessarily .
7-2 .
Route of entry into the body of nanomaterials
Na
If Roh material from entering into the body , it is assumed that the route
Te , inhalation ( by inhalation )
, Penetration ( dermal)
, Intake and a ( oral )
Etc. is assumed .
22
)
However , on the route of entry
A quantitative analysis has not been almost still . Experimental animals
Studies using things , various set by exposure Various methods
The come to be some authors have reported on the effect on the organization
Were .
23
)
However , the type of material , size , surface texture ,曝
The test method exposure amount and the exposure method are not uniform
From , for entry into the body of nanomaterials
The overall picture is not obtained .
7-3 .
Disposition of nanomaterials
Nanomateri
I will show what kind of behavior when there is entered in vivo
About what ,
DDS
Body motion for the purpose of toxicity evaluation and
Study of state have been reported . However , the unification
It does not mean that opinion is obtained .
Semmler-Behnke
Gold nanoparticles by intravenous administration study in rats by et al.
And , after administration
24
In after-hours ,
18 nm
Particles of large
Liver is half (
93.9
% Is present in ) , spleen only slightly
(
2.2
Percent was detected in )
1.4 nm
Particles of the liver
(
47.5
% ) Kidney (
5.5
% ) Blood (
3.7
% In the whole body including )
Was detected . Any particles not detected in the brain
Were .
24
)
On the other hand ,
De Jong
Gold nanoparticle to rats by et al.
Intravenous administration in the child test ,
10, 50, 100, 250 nm
Gold nanoparticle
For all of the child ,
24
Most of the liver after hours ,
It was detected in the spleen ,
10 nm
The particles of a variety of tissues ,
Blood , liver , spleen , kidney , testis , thymus , heart, lung ,
It was also detected in the brain .
25
)
In mice ,
Sugi-
bayashi
The titanium oxide nanoparticles intravenously administered test by et al.
By ,
15 nm
Of the particles after administration
Five
Various sets of blood and in minutes
Levels were elevated in weaving , but is not detected in the brain
It has been shown . Titanium oxide is most often detected in the liver
Is ,
One
In months
Thirty
% I only decreased .
26
)
In addition ,
Yang
By et al.
14 nm
Of
Q-dot
In intravenous administration ,
28
In days later , nearly
Hundred
Percent remained in the body
Were .
27
)
Invade the body , reported above, was the bloodstream
Nanoparticles , this a very time-consuming clearance
I have shown the door .
8 .
Health effects of titanium oxide nanoparticles fetal exposure period
8-1 .
Titanium oxide (
TiO
Two
General purpose of ) nanoparticles
TiO
Two
Main anatase , rutile , brookite type in
To
Three
Crystal structure of the kind exists . The most widely used
Anatase are
TiO
Two
Photocatalytic action is strong ,
Peroxide and superoxide that is produced at this time
Active oxygen group , such as hydroxyl radical is cytotoxic
Be shown have been reported .
28, 29
)
By using this effect
Nanoparticles real purposes sterilization and environmental cleanup , such as antibacterial Te
Is iodide . Rutile
TiO
Two
Is , so far safety
Because it has been considered it to Ya pharmaceuticals besides cosmetics
It is also used as a food additive . This white face
Is a component cost, and food coloring agents , particles of larger size
In little effect on the human body or inert , in cell
The absence of a check and have been widely used. In addition , nano-
Won the ultraviolet dispersion effect by the size of
Finish to reduce the degree of reflection of the light received
Ri , but also that the particle rhino , transparency adds to not white
Be a coating feeling that you and kidnapping for small 's
Etc. , to use the foundation and sunscreen
Have been .
8-2 .
Incorporation of titanium oxide nanoparticles
Korema
In a study in ,
TiO
Two
But that is transmitted through the skin
No reports that show clearly , and Thomas in the stratum corneum and the surface of the skin
Are Lutosa .
Thirty

32
)
However , cosmetic cotton in many years
That I applied repeatedly directly to the human body , the difference between the particle
Is it is a nano- scale , physicochemical surface
Permeability to barrier mechanism of the skin due to the nature river
From such Rukoto , and Meg the whole body through the blood and lymph
Ri , storing , and further information such as the impact
It should be verified . Further , a surfactant and the substrate
Behavior of the particle is changed by combination with additives like
There is also a possibility to . In addition , purple and atopic dermatitis
Inflammation or if the skin is damaged due to external irradiation
Permeability of the stratum corneum is increased if it is causing
That you are has been reported .
33, 34
)
Therefore, it is possible to future
There is a need to keep to verify the possibility of Rudake many .
On the other hand , titanium oxide nanoparticles or its work environment
If you are floating in an environment other , remove the exhalation
Might be written Ri , of uptake from the respiratory
Able to see the impact is also important .
8-3 .
Migrate to the brain of titanium oxide in adult
For information about migrating to the brain of nanomaterials
Oberdäor-
ster
In inhalation studies in rats , Luo , the nasal epithelium
Deposited
13
C
Via the olfactory nerve , nanoparticles , to the brain
Were demonstrated to be accessed .
35
)
On the other hand ,
Wang
Et al.
Is , the nasal cavity of the mouse adult titanium oxide (particle diameter
80 nm
Rutile type , particle size
155 nm
Attachment large amounts of anatase type)
The shifts throughout the brain via the olfactory When attached , the hippocampus , especially
Was observed to accumulate .
36
)
Both nanoparticles
Migration slightly in the brain by axonal transport of olfactory nerve from the nasal cavity
It is believed to have .
Fabian
In rat titanium oxide nanoparticles Luo , (grain
Diameter
Twenty

30 nm
The intravenously administered ) , titanium oxide liver ,
While it is detected at a high concentration in the order of lungs , spleen , kidney ,
It has been reported that they are not detected brain , the lymph
Ru . Kidney and lung
14
The concentration to control level in days
Degree is impaired , the liver
28
And maintain a high level day after
The spleen was slightly reduced .
37
)
Above , there is a blood brain barrier in the adult , through blood
Titanium oxide enough to detect do not want to migrate to the brain
I have believed .
8-4 .
To offspring from pregnancy dams of titanium oxide nanoparticles
Migration
We , pregnancy titanium oxide nanoparticles
Transition from mother to offspring of the fiscal year , and in the brain even during periods of growth after birth
Be left in a state of the captured Further , pathologically ,
Pioneering the world that various effects can be observed functionally
It was found in only (
Fig. 2
)
.
38
)
Administration conditions : pregnancy
ICR
I was using the system mouse . Ana
Synthetase of type
TiO
Two
(
Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO,
USA
; Particle size
25

70 nm
,
(
Fig. 1
Reference )
A )
1mg
/
ml
Was adjusted to be , at a temperature sonicator
Dispersed . Solvent as a dispersion medium in saline
Tween-80
The
0.05
% Was prepared by adding to the .
This stock solution
Ten
Of minute
One
By
Thousand
Of minute
One
Phase diluted to
Were . Was prepared
TiO
Two
Pregnancy dispersion
6 , 9 , 12 , 15
On days
Each to each
0.1 ml
(
TiO
Two
Dose
Hundred
m
g
/
ml
To ) subcutaneous administration
Were . I have the same amount of subcutaneous administration of the solvent in the control group .
Detection of titanium oxide : We administered during pregnancy
I was examined nanoparticle is , whether the transition to offspring . Blood
Fetal period undeveloped barrier function -brain barrier , such as testis barrier
Exposure to nanoparticles , the nanoparticles via the placenta
The process proceeds to pups from dams Te , to migrate to the brain and testes further
Thing , and to suggest that affect the function of each
I got the results Ru . Titanium oxide nano particles in mouse during pregnancy
Administered subcutaneously child , offspring
Six
Transmission type of testicular tissue to weeks of age
Electron microscope (
TEM
And a scanning electron microscope ) observation
-X
Line spectrum measuring device (
FE-SEM
/
EDS
The solution by )
Was subjected to analysis , brain
( Cerebral cortex , hippocampus , and olfactory bulb )
( Leydig , Sertoli , a sperm cell or cells of the testes
Titanium oxide particles were detected and identified in etc.) .
8-5 .
The fetal brain by exposure period of titanium oxide nanoparticles
Effects on the nervous system
Each part of the brain of the nanoparticle -exposed group
Was subjected to histopathological examination will be given ,
Six
Week-old male
We observed evidence of micro- infarction multifocal brain to peripheral blood vessels
The mitral cells of the olfactory bulb is caspase
-3
(Apoptosis
It has become a marker ) -positive cells was observed
Were . As a result ,
TiO
Two
When administered to pregnant mice
TiO
Two
Migrate to fetal via the placenta , and blood underdeveloped
It passes through the Ekino barrier and remains in the brain sites , functions of the brain
Affect has been suggested .
38
)
Mono of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine
Metabolic abnormalities of amine was also observed .
39
)
In addition , covering
It is also different in the results of specific - time gene expression analysis
Abnormalities are observed .
Forty
)
8-6 .
Male due to titanium oxide nanoparticles fetal exposure period
Effects on the reproductive system
Production of titanium oxide nanoparticles exposed group
Pups
Six
And to configure the seminiferous tubules in the observation of testicular tissue staining of -week-old
Abnormalities are observed in cell Ru . In addition , the Sertoli cells
Swelling of mitochondria , chestnut in electron microscopy
Disappearance of the statement was observed ,
One
Day the number of sperm production , Sertoli
A significant reduction in the number of cells was observed . That our
In a later study , titanium oxide anatase except
The rutile and is widely used as a cosmetic material also
The effect on the male reproductive system is also in particle surface treatment
Was observed. Some of the effects of their
Thousand
Of minute
One
Of
Was observed even with a dilute solution .
38
)
9 .
New comprehensive gene expression analysis method (
GO
Law ,
MeSH
To health impact studies of nanoparticles and the establishment of law )
Application
We establish a new microarray analysis
( Umezawa , Tainaka et al.) That was
.
Forty
)
Microarray
Genes that can be parsed
Gene Ontology
(
GO
And )
Medical Subject Headings
(
MeSH
)
term
The grant ,
Interpret functionally the data obtained by microarray
It is a way to try to capture a change in biological phenomena .
The following was revealed using this method . Titanium oxide
As a result of exposed to fetal -life Tan'nano particles , postnatal
With the development , about
16000
Gene , departure of several hundred genes
Current change was observed .
GO
Results of functional analysis using
Result from the development and growth of the brain , stress response , Apoto
Terms related to cis , co to genes that are expressed change
It was extracted as a function of through . In addition ,
MeSH term
The analysis with , Alzheimer 's disease , autism ,
Terms related to neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia have
It was extracted in intent .
Microarray method used in this study , many very
Be analyzed at a time change in expression of gene Kuno
It can , and is valid for many research fields associated with biochemical experiments
It is an analysis means Na . However , large amounts of data at a time is
While the resulting , what significance wraps therein
Was not yet established means for reading to the whether it is included
Were . Gene expression data shown by the study , or
Although it is not possible to interpret a direct health effects but ,
What gene expression variation occurs in the organization of the analysis
There was a significance in that it has Prove you? In particular,
MeSH
By using the
GO
Obtained in the analysis using only
Compounds that can not be ( biopolymer )
, Organization ( anatomical information
It was possible to obtain information about the disease or information ) . Now
After this method , functional from microarray data
Widen the method of extracting the meaning Na , pathology and physiology
Be a significant contribution to academic research is expected .
10 .
Consideration
We have reached the following conclusions: through animal experiments .
Titanium oxide nanoparticles which are widely used for cosmetics and photocatalyst
Is , Once in the animal body , take the blood flow , all tissues of the body ,
I reach the organ . In addition, through the placenta from pregnant mothers
The process proceeds to Te pups , blood-brain barrier underdeveloped , testicular blood barrier
Passes the like , may affect the cells of interest . Intake
On the method of administration , intratracheal administration , nasal administration , such as subcutaneous administration
The Nanomateri bloodstream mother mice pregnant regardless of
The process proceeds to Al pups if put to及an effect on the individual of the next generation
Boss . This effect is like in the process of growth from birth we
Appears as shaped , and the disease is at least part of their
I believe there is a risk that lead to the onset or exacerbation of .
Work site or nanoparticles in cosmetics , which is applied to the skin
In nano- particles suspended is how much blood as the mechanism by which
It is necessary to examine in detail whether to migrate in this
Les is a problem in the future.
British
Barker
Dr. based on the results of the epidemiological study
1986
I'm chanting " adult fetal origins hypothesis " a year .
41
)
Malnutrition in fetal life , interfere sufficient development of organ
It is the gel factor , but the body system to compensate them
Onset of adult formation of system is called a lifestyle-related diseases
It is a hypothesis leads to . This , milk and fetal
Predisposition of adult onset is formed in early childhood , ring postnatal
Is an example: it is easily applied to the disease by boundary factor
Have . The exposure of the nano- particles such as titanium oxide in fetal life
Upon receipt , and including the nervous system in response to postnatal development
A variety of symptoms that occur in other organs and reproductive system
The research results of our , and not support the hypothesis of his
Ru .
42
)
Slight nanoparticle only migrated to the next generation of offspring
It should not , but why Nanomateria a very small amount of
Le Oyobo over a long period of time is a big impact such
Sunoka is currently unknown . This effect of expression
Elucidation of the molecular mechanism is awaited .
11 .
Conclusion
It follows from the results of research and subsequent results of the above
There it is suggested . Inhalation , intratracheal , nanomaterials point
Nano- materials , regardless of the method of administration nose , or subcutaneous
If you ride in the bloodstream of the mother mouse pregnant , and affect the offspring
Be . As a variety of symptoms in the process of growth from birth
It appears , in some cases , they are the onset of certain diseases ,
Could lead to exacerbated .
12 .
IN CONCLUSION
The reality of health effects and hazards of nanomaterials
To proceed with clear , preventive measures will be easier to set up . Further
I would like also considered therapy . On the one hand , and nano
Technology new industry creation strategy and Science and Technology Basic Plan
In , and Ichizuke-ra as an important policy to be promoted
Are , it is a science and technology essential for industrial development .
Therefore , Japan as an industrial nation ,
21
Of the century
That the foundation also be used to take a lead in a new industrial technology
Health effects of nanomaterials to be , especially the next generation
And to clarify the health effects on , to build adequate measures
I suspect that is a very important issue .
Animal experiments carried out in this study , Tokyo University of Science ICEC
Committee , and has been carried out with the approval of at Animal Care and Use Committee
Ru . The implementation of the animal experiments and the like of " research institutes of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Basic guidelines that relates "
, And the Tokyo University of Science abiding animal experiment guidelines
It was carried out by Mori .
Acknowledgment
The study of many researchers to the title other than the author
It has been done in collaboration . Including all graduate students and students
I would grateful to collaborators
