My theory is that ALL of body is regulated via nervous system, including response to pathogens and damage. Aging happens as the nervous system memory schemas suffer numerous adaptations in response to external and internal stimuli and modifies itself and its output. The modifications address an acute or chronic situation and often store a more or thorougly permanent maladaptation. Accumulating maladaptive strategies of coping with situations that are no longer needed or are needed because the problems persisted but the adaptation enabled ignoring them(learned helplessness adaptation) cause the entire nervous system to drop in performance.
A person is initially loaded with a zest for life(mu opioid). The zest for life creates a drive to create more life-well-being(integrateing new objects or rather creating/validating control methods(dopaminergic) of pleasuring objects/territories/persons).
This drive causes the person to either experience success or disappointment(in achieving a dopamine-projected state) when acting out on it.
Success creates a new level of well-being(increase in serotonin due to confirmation of a dopaminergic method being efficient in reality which causes a decrease in dopamine for the repetition of the method, it is now learned and this knowledge integrated us with an object via a dopaminergic guidance control) which is quickly normalized by an upregulation of opposing action of dynorphins and kappa opioid(tolerance, fear of death, fear of losing the new found well being linked to the root fear of death). The "opposing tolerance" normalizes mood from success and facilitates a persisting "shadow fear". Accumulated tolerance is turned into dyshporia when threat of losing the absorbed/accustomed level of well being appears and is infact what is called withdrawal.
To sum it up, all life experience creates either a "shadow fear"(tolerance) or an active fear. Accumulation of fears in the nervous system and maladaptive processes around them create aging. Fears regulate even the immune response and memories of pathogens and damage are infact fear schema memories.
For instance, you eat food. The immune response would attack it in the bowels. Cannabinoids in response to taste inhibit kappa opioid regulation of immune response during gestation of food in order to stop it from attacking food particles. IBS is infact caused by the nervous system that wrongly learned to fear certain food particles. And continues to overreact indefinitely in the same maladaptive pattern.
Tangent: cannabinoids also mess with time dilation and relaxation in order to provide a resting window for proper gestation - this fact alone invalidates theories of multiple snacks during the day being a healthy idea. A person should simply rest to gestate as all animals do judging by the way the body handles food. This can not be done 5-6 times a day. This cannabinoid response lasts up to 2 hours. Cannabinoids disable or rather bypass/delay memory formation during the response. If the body detects signals of being sick(chemical senses) after opening the "doors of the bowels to food" (dampening the immune response) it will map the taste of food to a fear and subsequent ingestion of the same food will not cause a cannabinoid gestation period but aversion, You can notice that if you make your body feel sick in other ways during this time it will still be mapped to the food you ate! In order to accomplish this "piggy back" repression effect on the fear system the cannabinoids have to modulate kappa opioids and fear memory formation. The brain would not be able to pair the bad food response after 2 hours with the taste of it experienced 2 hours before if it werent for cannabinoids regulating the gestation response.
Unlearning fears also seems like the most difficult thing to accomplish as is undoing aging itself. It does not seem the nervous system has much mechanisms that enable this and from an evolutionary perspective this makes sense. Unlearning conscious fears is mostly done by learning of a new context that acts inhibiting on the original fear when present. I trust that any unconscious mechanisms that use the fear response to facilitate their actions like the immune system - can hardly use this mechanism to "unadapt" themselves. It does seem that again cannabinoids have some avenues that enable fear extinction, I've read some studies but in general, fear extinction seems like something that doesn't really ever happen.
The net effect of this is "wearing out" of the "life force" via slow degradation of the nervous system ability to carry out its role owing itself to the effect of fear adaptation learning. This causes performance degradation which enables autoimmunity issues, infections and general degeneration. The kappa opioid network is infact the one that modulates/associaties objects/memories to the fear of death itself so even philosophically this seems correct. Kappa opioid network facilitates selfdestructive behaviors and desperate aggression as fear strategies - destruction/elimination of threats or repression of inability to do so(learned helplessness). Mu opioid network governs the opposite - behaviors that integrate us with rewarding objects that increase the life force.
I did kinda drop in from the mental health forum and extending my theory of workings of the mind even to aging, but it fits. Or I'm making it fit, you decide
Edited by addx, 07 March 2014 - 04:23 PM.